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Compare Norfolk Island (2005) - San Marino (2008)

Compare Norfolk Island (2005) z San Marino (2008)

 Norfolk Island (2005)San Marino (2008)
 Norfolk IslandSan Marino
Administrative divisions none (territory of Australia) 9 municipalities (castelli, singular - castello); Acquaviva, Borgo Maggiore, Chiesanuova, Domagnano, Faetano, Fiorentino, Montegiardino, San Marino Citta, Serravalle
Age structure 0-14 years: 20.2%


15-64 years: 63.9%


65 years and over: 15.9% (2005 est.)
0-14 years: 16.8% (male 2,573/female 2,404)


15-64 years: 66.1% (male 9,388/female 10,178)


65 years and over: 17.1% (male 2,190/female 2,882) (2007 est.)
Agriculture - products Norfolk Island pine seed, Kentia palm seed, cereals, vegetables, fruit; cattle, poultry wheat, grapes, corn, olives; cattle, pigs, horses, beef, cheese, hides
Airports 1 (2004 est.) -
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2004 est.)
-
Area total: 34.6 sq km


land: 34.6 sq km


water: 0 sq km
total: 61.2 sq km


land: 61.2 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative about 0.2 times the size of Washington, DC about 0.3 times the size of Washington, DC
Background Two British attempts at establishing the island as a penal colony (1788-1814 and 1825-55) were ultimately abandoned. In 1856, the island was resettled by Pitcairn Islanders, descendants of the Bounty mutineers and their Tahitian companions. The third smallest state in Europe (after the Holy See and Monaco), San Marino also claims to be the world's oldest republic. According to tradition, it was founded by a Christian stonemason named Marino in A.D. 301. San Marino's foreign policy is aligned with that of Italy; social and political trends in the republic also track closely with those of its larger neighbor.
Birth rate NA 9.89 births/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Budget revenues: $20 million


expenditures: $20 million, including capital expenditures of $2 million (FY99/00)
revenues: $709.6 million


expenditures: $672.3 million (2004)
Capital Kingston name: San Marino


geographic coordinates: 43 56 N, 12 25 E


time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)


daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Climate subtropical; mild, little seasonal temperature variation Mediterranean; mild to cool winters; warm, sunny summers
Coastline 32 km 0 km (landlocked)
Constitution Norfolk Island Act of 1979 8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the functions of a constitution
Country name conventional long form: Territory of Norfolk Island


conventional short form: Norfolk Island
conventional long form: Republic of San Marino


conventional short form: San Marino


local long form: Repubblica di San Marino


local short form: San Marino
Death rate NA 8.27 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Debt - external NA $NA
Dependency status territory of Australia; Canberra administers Commonwealth responsibilities on Norfolk Island through the Department of Environment, Sport, and Territories -
Diplomatic representation from the US none (territory of Australia) the US does not have an embassy in San Marino; the ambassador to Italy is accredited to San Marino
Diplomatic representation in the US none (territory of Australia) San Marino does not have an embassy in the US


honorary consulate(s) general: New York, Washington, DC


honorary consulate(s): Detroit, Honolulu
Disputes - international none none
Economic aid - recipient NA $NA
Economy - overview Tourism, the primary economic activity, has steadily increased over the years and has brought a level of prosperity unusual among inhabitants of the Pacific islands. The agricultural sector has become self-sufficient in the production of beef, poultry, and eggs. The tourist sector contributes over 50% of GDP. In 2006 more than 2.1 million tourists visited San Marino. The key industries are banking, clothing and apparel, electronics, and ceramics. Main agricultural products are wine and cheeses. The per capita level of output and standard of living are comparable to those of the most prosperous regions of Italy, which supplies much of its food.
Electricity - consumption NA kWh -
Electricity - production NA kWh -
Elevation extremes lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m


highest point: Mount Bates 319 m
lowest point: Torrente Ausa 55 m


highest point: Monte Titano 755 m
Environment - current issues NA NA
Environment - international agreements - party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Whaling


signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution
Ethnic groups descendants of the Bounty mutineers, Australian, New Zealander, Polynesians Sammarinese, Italian
Exchange rates Australian dollars per US dollar - 1.3598 (2004), 1.5419 (2003), 1.8406 (2002), 1.9334 (2001), 1.7248 (2000) euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952); the UK and Australia are represented by Administrator Grant TAMBLING (since 1 November 2003)


head of government: Assembly President and Chief Minister Geoffrey Robert GARDNER (since 5 December 2001)


cabinet: Executive Council is made up of four of the nine members of the Legislative Assembly; the council devises government policy and acts as an advisor to the administrator


elections: the monarch is hereditary; administrator appointed by the governor general of Australia; chief minister elected by the Legislative Assembly for a term of not more than three years; election last held 20 Ocotber 2004 (next to be held by December 2007)


election results: Geoffrey Robert GARDNER elected chief minister; percent of Legislative Assembly vote - 17.2%
chief of state: Co-chiefs of State Captain Regent Mirko TOMASSONI and Captain Regent Alberto SELVA (for the period 1 October 2007-31 March 2008)


head of government: Secretary of State for Foreign and Political Affairs Fiorenzo STOLFI (since 27 July 2006)


cabinet: Congress of State elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term


elections: co-chiefs of state (captains regent) elected by the Great and General Council for a six-month term; election last held in September 2007 (next to be held in March 2008); secretary of state for foreign and political affairs elected by the Great and General Council for a five-year term; election last held 27 July 2006 (next to be held by 2011)


election results: Mirko TOMASSONI and Alberto SELVA elected captains regent; percent of legislative vote - NA; Fiorenzo STOLFI elected secretary of state for foreign and political affairs; percent of legislative vote - NA


note: the popularly elected parliament (Grand and General Council) selects two of its members to serve as the Captains Regent (co-chiefs of state) for a six-month period; they preside over meetings of the Grand and General Council and its cabinet (Congress of State), which has 10 other members, all selected by the Grand and General Council; assisting the captains regent are 10 secretaries of state; the secretary of state for Foreign Affairs has assumed some prime ministerial roles
Exports $1.5 million f.o.b. (FY99/00) $1.291 billion (2004)
Exports - commodities postage stamps, seeds of the Norfolk Island pine and Kentia palm, small quantities of avocados building stone, lime, wood, chestnuts, wheat, wine, baked goods, hides, ceramics
Exports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe -
Fiscal year 1 July - 30 June calendar year
Flag description three vertical bands of green (hoist side), white, and green with a large green Norfolk Island pine tree centered in the slightly wider white band two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and light blue with the national coat of arms superimposed in the center; the coat of arms has a shield (featuring three towers on three peaks) flanked by a wreath, below a crown and above a scroll bearing the word LIBERTAS (Liberty)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: NA


industry: NA


services: NA
agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - NA -
GDP - real growth rate NA 4.6% (2004 est.)
Geographic coordinates 29 02 S, 167 57 E 43 46 N, 12 25 E
Geography - note most of the 32-km coastline consists of almost inaccessible cliffs, but the land slopes down to the sea in one small southern area on Sydney Bay, where the capital of Kingston is situated landlocked; smallest independent state in Europe after the Holy See and Monaco; dominated by the Apennines
Highways total: 80 km


paved: 53 km


unpaved: 27 km (2001)
-
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: NA


highest 10%: NA
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Imports $17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92) $2.035 billion (2004)
Imports - commodities NA wide variety of consumer manufactures, food
Imports - partners Australia, other Pacific island countries, NZ, Asia, Europe -
Independence none (territory of Australia) 3 September AD 301
Industrial production growth rate NA 5.6% (2005 est.)
Industries tourism, light industry, ready mixed concrete tourism, banking, textiles, electronics, ceramics, cement, wine
Infant mortality rate total: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total: 5.53 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 5.96 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 5.07 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) NA -1.5% (2006)
International organization participation UPU CE, FAO, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM (observer), IPU, ITU, ITUC, OPCW, OSCE, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, Union Latina, UNWTO, UPU, WHO, WIPO
Irrigated land NA NA
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Court of Petty Sessions Council of Twelve or Consiglio dei XII
Labor force 1,345 20,470 (2004)
Labor force - by occupation tourism 90%, subsistence agriculture 10% agriculture: 0.2%


industry: 40.1%


services: 59.7% (2006 est.)
Land boundaries 0 km total: 39 km


border countries: Italy 39 km
Land use arable land: 0%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 100% (2001)
arable land: 16.67%


permanent crops: 0%


other: 83.33% (2005)
Languages English (official), Norfolk a mixture of 18th century English and ancient Tahitian Italian
Legal system based on the laws of Australia, local ordinances and acts; English common law applies in matters not covered by either Australian or Norfolk Island law based on civil law system with Italian law influences; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Legislative Assembly (9 seats; members elected by electors who have nine equal votes each but only four votes can be given to any one candidate; members serve three-year terms)


elections: last held 20 October 2004 (next to be held by December 2007)


election results: percent of vote - NA%; seats - independents 9 (note - no political parties)
unicameral Grand and General Council or Consiglio Grande e Generale (60 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 4 June 2006 (next to be held by June 2011)


election results: percent of vote by party - PDCS 32.9%, Party of Socialists and Democrats 31.9%, AP 11.9%, United Left 8.7%, New Socialist Party 5.4%, other parties 9.2%; seats by party - PDCS 21, Party of Socialists and Democrats 20, AP 7, United Left 5, New Socialist Party 3, others 4; note - following a government reshuffle on 28 NOvember 2007, a splinter party of the PDCS joined the center-left coalition formed by the Party of Socialists and Democrats, the APDS, and the United Left strengthening the government's parliamentary majority to 36 seats out of 60
Life expectancy at birth total population: NA


male: NA


female: NA
total population: 81.8 years


male: 78.33 years


female: 85.57 years (2007 est.)
Literacy NA definition: age 10 and over can read and write


total population: 96%


male: 97%


female: 95%
Location Oceania, island in the South Pacific Ocean, east of Australia Southern Europe, an enclave in central Italy
Map references Oceania Europe
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
none (landlocked)
Military - note defense is the responsibility of Australia defense is the responsibility of Italy
Military branches - no regular military forces; Voluntary Military Force (Corpi Militari Voluntar) performs ceremonial duties and limited police functions (2006)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP - NA
National holiday Bounty Day (commemorates the arrival of Pitcairn Islanders), 8 June (1856) Founding of the Republic, 3 September (AD 301)
Nationality noun: Norfolk Islander(s)


adjective: Norfolk Islander(s)
noun: Sammarinese (singular and plural)


adjective: Sammarinese
Natural hazards typhoons (especially May to July) NA
Natural resources fish building stone
Net migration rate NA 10.57 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2007 est.)
Political parties and leaders none Communist Refoundation or RC [Ivan FOSHI]; Ideas in Movement or IM [Alessandro ROSSI]; National Alliance or AN [Glauco SANSOVINI]; New Socialist Party [Augusto CASALI]; Party of Socialists and Democrats [Claudio FELICI]; San Marino Christian Democratic Party or PDCS [Pier Marino MENICUCCI]; San Marino Popular Alliance of Democrats or AP [Roberto GIORGETTI]; San Marino Socialist Party or PSS [Alberto CECCHETTI]; Socialists for Reform or SR [Renzo GIARDI]; United Left
Political pressure groups and leaders none NA
Population 1,828 (July 2005 est.) 29,615 (July 2007 est.)
Population below poverty line NA NA%
Population growth rate -0.01% (2005 est.) 1.219% (2007 est.)
Ports and harbors none; loading jetties at Kingston and Cascade -
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 3, shortwave 0 (2005) AM 0, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)
Religions Anglican 34.9%, Roman Catholic 11.7%, Uniting Church in Australia 11.2%, Seventh-Day Adventist 2.8%, Australian Christian 2.4%, Jehovah's Witness 0.9%, other 2.7%, unspecified 15.3%, none 18.1% (2001 census) Roman Catholic
Sex ratio NA at birth: 1.09 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.07 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.922 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.76 male(s)/female


total population: 0.915 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: adequate


domestic: free local calls


international: country code - 672; undersea coaxial cable links with Australia, New Zealand, and Canada; satellite earth station
general assessment: adequate connections


domestic: automatic telephone system completely integrated into Italian system; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular teledensity exceeds 130 telephones per 100 persons


international: country code - 378; connected to Italian international network
Telephones - main lines in use 2,532; note - a mix of analog (2500) and digital (32) circuits (2004) 21,000 (2006)
Telephones - mobile cellular 0 (proposed cellular service disallowed in August 2002 island referendum) (2002) 17,390 (2006)
Television broadcast stations 1 (local programming station plus two repeaters that bring in Australian programs by satellite) (2005) 1 (San Marino residents also receive broadcasts from Italy) (1997)
Terrain volcanic formation with mostly rolling plains rugged mountains
Total fertility rate NA 1.34 children born/woman (2007 est.)
Unemployment rate 0% 3.8% (2004)
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